Waukegan High School Bulldogs
WHAP class 2015-2016!
Last year we made World History our Bae and sang our way through the Song Dyansty. This year I believe there are great things in store for us as WHS's first fully freshman integrated AP class! Seriously, we will do awesome...stop shaking your head.
YOU BE QUIET ADMIRAL ACKBAR!!
AP World History or WHAP is indeed a difficult course but through the collaboration of all, we will come out better people. I can tell you that I have learned just as much from my AP classes as they have from my guidance in this course.
Some take WHAP to get a 5 out of 5 on the AP Test and earn college credit in high school, others take it to challenge themselves and build up their high school resumé and experience "college level classes" and even fewer delve into this behemoth simply because they like history. Whatever your reason, it is important to remember that by working together, we can be successful.
Speaking of SUCCESS. There are some things of which you should be aware...
1. To the right of this page you will find some basic information about me. I am available for help after school everyday but Tuesday (STUDENT COUNCIL MEETINGS...you should JOIN...really JOIN)
My free periods are 1st, 5th and 6th but it's best if you need help to let me know what time works best for you so we can agree when to meet. My phone number is there but I prefer you email...don't want to anger Mrs. Mers. She says I work too much as it is.
2. Above you will notice that there are tabs linking to other pages or websites. You may use only two or you may use them all but I will explain what each one is in due time.
3. One of the tabs IS IMPORTANT to start the year. The tab titled "Surviving APWH" is a nice guide to help you navigate this course and what you may expect week to week. We do move very fast so it is important that you establish a routine early.
4. Another tab also contains the course syllabus. In the issue of protecting our environment (you'll notice I waste enough paper as it is) I will not print you each a copy of it. The first day of class your homework will be to read and become familiar with it and to return with any questions.
5. Other than that, bring an open mind to class and prepare to learn in a rigorous but engaging academic conversation. My rules are simple... Be respectful. Listen to understand. Include yourself. Stay focused. Set aside judgment. Do that and we will experience BLISS in the classroom.
To get you started on a little bit of what this class is about...click the link below that says "course overview."
Course Overview
Targets:
Examination of the major themes of WHAP:
Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment
Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures
Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict (Political)
Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems
Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures
1. Understand the course sequence of WHAP
2. Examine what a theme is and what AP identifies as the major themes in World History
3. Explain historical skills such as Periodization, themes, interpretation and analysis.
Examination of the major themes of WHAP:
Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment
Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures
Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict (Political)
Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems
Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures
1. Understand the course sequence of WHAP
2. Examine what a theme is and what AP identifies as the major themes in World History
3. Explain historical skills such as Periodization, themes, interpretation and analysis.
Essential Questions:
- How do we place World History in the context of Big History and our own lives?
- How do historians classify different periods of time?
- How does history repeat itself in the context of WHAP themes?
Quote of the Day: "A billion hours ago, human life appeared on earth. A billion minutes ago, Christianity emerged,. A billion seconds ago, the Beatles changed music. A billion Coca-Colas ago was yesterday morning." -Robert Goizueta, chief executive of the Coca-Cola Company, April 1997
Apply the major themes to the six glasses which will be applied to the periods of WHAP.
Essential Questions:
1. Which two of the six glasses that Standage refers to are the most similar? How and why?
2. Which two are the most different? How and why?
3. Can you group the glasses in twos? How and why?
4. How does Standage's periodization compare to that of the WHAP periodization?5. What major events are associated with each glass and how does this help us group them thematically?
UNIT ONE: Technological and Environmental Transformations- to 600 BCE
Key Concept 1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth
The term “Big Geography” draws attention to the global nature of world history. Throughout the Paleolithic period, humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas. Early humans were mobile and creative in adapting to different geographical settings from savannah to desert to Ice Age tundra. By analogy with modern hunter/forager societies, anthropologists infer that these bands were relatively egalitarian. Humans also developed varied and sophisticated technologies.
In response to warming climates at the end of the last Ice Age from about
10,000 years ago, some groups adapted to the environment in new ways
while others remained hunter/foragers. Settled agriculture appeared in
several different parts of the world. The switch to agriculture created a
more reliable, but not necessarily more diversified, food supply. Agriculturalists
also had a massive impact on the environment, through intensive
cultivation of selected plants to the exclusion of others, through the construction
of irrigation systems and through the use of domesticated
animals for food and for labor. Populations increased; family groups gave
way to village and later urban life with all its complexity. Patriarchy and
forced labor systems developed giving elite men concentrated power over
most of the other people in their societies.
Pastoralism emerged in parts of Africa and Eurasia. Pastoral peoples domesticated animals and led their herds around grazing ranges. Like agriculturalists, pastoralists tended to be more socially stratified than were hunter-foragers. Because pastoralists were mobile, they rarely accumulated large amounts of material possessions, which would have been a hindrance when changing grazing areas. Pastoralists’ mobility allowed them to become an important conduit for technological change as they interacted with settled populations.
A. Possibly as a response to climatic change, permanent agricultural villages emerged first in the lands of the eastern Mediterranean. Agriculture emerged at different times in Mesopotamia, the Nile River valley and sub-Saharan Africa, the Indus River valley, the Yellow River or Huang He valley, Papua-New Guinea, Mesoamerica and the Andes.
B. Pastoralism developed at various sites in the grasslands of AfroEurasia.
C. Different crops or animals were domesticated in the various core regions, depending on available local flora and fauna.
D. Agricultural communities had to work cooperatively to clear land and to create the water control systems needed for crop production.
E. These agricultural practices drastically impacted environmental diversity. Pastoralists also affected the environment by grazing large numbers of animals on fragile grasslands, leading to erosion when over-grazed.
A. Pastoralism and agriculture led to more reliable and abundant food
supplies which increased population.
B. Surpluses of food and other goods led to specialization of labor, including new classes of artisans and warriors, and the development of elites.
C. Technological innovations led to improvements in agricultural production, trade, and transportation. Required examples include: • pottery, • plows, • woven textiles, • metallurgy, • wheels and wheeled vehicles.
C. Early regions of state expansion or empire building were Mesopotamia, Babylonia, and the Nile Valley
Targets:
Key Concept 1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth
The term “Big Geography” draws attention to the global nature of world history. Throughout the Paleolithic period, humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas. Early humans were mobile and creative in adapting to different geographical settings from savannah to desert to Ice Age tundra. By analogy with modern hunter/forager societies, anthropologists infer that these bands were relatively egalitarian. Humans also developed varied and sophisticated technologies.
- What is the evidence that explains the earliest history of humans and the planet?
- How is this evidence interpreted?
- Where did humans first appear on Earth, and what were the characteristics of their society, technology, economy, and culture?
- A. Humans used fire in new ways: to aid hunting and foraging, to protect against predators and to adapt to cold environments. Describe earliest humans’ technology & tools
- B. Humans developed a wider range of tools specially adapted to different environments from tropics to tundra.
- C. Economic structures focused on small kinship groups of hunting/ foraging bands that could make what they needed to survive. However, not all groups were self-sufficient; they exchanged people, ideas and goods.
- Describe earliest humans’ technology & tools
- How did the earliest humans’ society help them procure enough supplies to survive?
Key Concept 1.2 The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies
- What were the long-term demographic, social, political, and economic effects of the Neolithic Revolution?
Pastoralism emerged in parts of Africa and Eurasia. Pastoral peoples domesticated animals and led their herds around grazing ranges. Like agriculturalists, pastoralists tended to be more socially stratified than were hunter-foragers. Because pastoralists were mobile, they rarely accumulated large amounts of material possessions, which would have been a hindrance when changing grazing areas. Pastoralists’ mobility allowed them to become an important conduit for technological change as they interacted with settled populations.
- How did pastoral societies resemble or differ from early agricultural societies?
I. Beginning about 10,000 years ago, the Neolithic Revolution led to
the development of new and more complex economic and social
systems.
- How did the Neolithic Rev. affect human societies economically & socially?
A. Possibly as a response to climatic change, permanent agricultural villages emerged first in the lands of the eastern Mediterranean. Agriculture emerged at different times in Mesopotamia, the Nile River valley and sub-Saharan Africa, the Indus River valley, the Yellow River or Huang He valley, Papua-New Guinea, Mesoamerica and the Andes.
- Why did the Neolithic Revolution start (at all)?
- Where did the Neolithic Revolution first transform human populations?
B. Pastoralism developed at various sites in the grasslands of AfroEurasia.
- Where did pastoralism persist even after the Neolithic Revolution?
C. Different crops or animals were domesticated in the various core regions, depending on available local flora and fauna.
- What various crops & animals were developed or domesticated during the Neolithic Revolution?
D. Agricultural communities had to work cooperatively to clear land and to create the water control systems needed for crop production.
- What labor adjustments did humans make in order to facilitate the Neolithic Revolution?
E. These agricultural practices drastically impacted environmental diversity. Pastoralists also affected the environment by grazing large numbers of animals on fragile grasslands, leading to erosion when over-grazed.
- What were the environmental effects of the Neolithic Revolution?
II. Agriculture and pastoralism began to transform human societies.
- What effects did pastoralism & agriculture have on the food supply?
B. Surpluses of food and other goods led to specialization of labor, including new classes of artisans and warriors, and the development of elites.
- What were the social effects of the increased food supply caused by increase of agriculture?
C. Technological innovations led to improvements in agricultural production, trade, and transportation. Required examples include: • pottery, • plows, • woven textiles, • metallurgy, • wheels and wheeled vehicles.
- What technological innovations are associated with the growth of agriculture?
D. In both pastoralist and agrarian societies, elite groups accumulated
wealth, creating more hierarchical social structures and promoting
patriarchal forms of social organization.
Key Concept 1.3 The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural,
Pastoral, and Urban Societies
From about 5,000 years ago, urban societies developed, laying the foundations
for the first civilizations. The term civilization is normally used to
designate large societies with cities and powerful states. While there were
many differences between civilizations, they also shared important features.
They all produced agricultural surpluses that permitted significant
specialization of labor. All civilizations contained cities and generated
complex institutions, such as political bureaucracies, including armies and
religious hierarchies. They also featured clearly stratified social hierarchies
and organized long-distance trading relationships. Economic
exchanges intensified within and between civilizations, as well as with
nomadic pastoralists.
- What is a ‘civilization,’ and what are the defining characteristics of a civilization?
As populations grew, competition for surplus resources, especially food,
led to greater social stratification, specialization of labor, increased trade,
more complex systems of government and religion, and the development
of record keeping. As civilizations expanded, they had to balance their
need for more resources with environmental constraints such as the danger
of undermining soil fertility. Finally, the accumulation of wealth in settled
communities spurred warfare between communities and/or with pastoralists;
this violence drove the development of new technologies of war and
urban defense.
- How did civilizations develop and grow more complex before 600 BCE?
- What were the effects of this increasing complexity?
I. Core and foundational civilizations developed in a variety of
geographical and environmental settings where agriculture
flourished. NOTE: Students should be able to identify the location of
all of the following.
A. Mesopotamia in the Tigris and Euphrates River valleys
B. Egypt in the Nile River valley
C. Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa in the Indus River valley
D. The Shang in the Yellow River or Huang He valley
E. The Olmecs in Mesoamerica
F. Chavín in Andean South America.
- Where did the earliest civilizations develop, and why did they develop in those locations?
II. The first states emerged within core civilizations.
A. States were powerful new systems of rule that mobilized surplus
labor and resources over large areas. Early states were often led by
a ruler whose source of power was believed to be divine or had
divine support, and/or who was supported by the military.
- What is a “state?” Who ruled the early states, and which segments of society usually supported the ruler?
B. As states grew and competed for land and resources, the more
favorably situated had greater access to resources—including the
Hittites’ access to iron, produced more surplus food and experienced
growing populations. These states were able to undertake
territorial expansion and conquer surrounding states.
- Why were some early states able to expand and conquering neighboring states?
C. Early regions of state expansion or empire building were Mesopotamia, Babylonia, and the Nile Valley
- Give four examples of early empires in the Nile & Tigris/Euphrates River Valleys.
D. Pastoralists were often the developers and disseminators of new
weapons (such as compound bows or iron weapons) and modes of
transportation (such as chariots or horseback riding) that transformed
warfare in agrarian civilizations.
- What role did pastoral civilizations play vis a vis empires?
III. Culture played a significant in role in unifying states through law,
language, literature, religion, myths and monumental art.
- How did culture play a role in unifying populations?
A. Early civilizations developed monumental architecture and urban
planning. (such as ziggurats, pyramids, temples, defensive walls,
streets and roads or sewage and water systems)
- What architectural forms did early civilizations produce?
B. Elites, both political and religious, promoted arts and artisanship.
(such as sculpture, painting, wall decorations or elaborate
weaving)
- Which social strata encouraged the development of art in ancient civilizations?
C. Systems of record keeping (such as cuneiform, hieroglyphs, pictographs,
alphabets or quipu) arose independently in all early civilizations
and subsequently were diffused.
- What forms of writing developed in ancient civilizations?
D. States developed legal codes, including the Code of Hammurabi,
that reflected existing hierarchies and facilitated the rule of governments
over people.
- What was the relationship between literature and culture in ancient societies?
E. New religious beliefs developed in this period continued to have
strong influences in later periods, including the Vedic religion,
Hebrew monotheism and Zoroastrianism.
- What pre-600 BCE religions strongly influenced later eras?
F. Trade expanded throughout this period, with civilizations exchanging
goods, cultural ideas and technology. Trade expanded from
local to regional and trans-regional, including between Egypt and
Nubia, Mesopotamia and the Indus valley.
- How “big” were the pre- 600 BCE trading regions?
G. Social and gender hierarchies intensified as states expanded and
cities multiplied.
- How did social and gender identities develop pre- 600 BCE?
Targets:
1. Understand the spread of human societies in the Paleolithic era
2. Describe the conditions of life in gathering and hunting societies
3. Analyze factors that eventually led to change in the gathering and hunting societies
Essential Questions:
- What is the significance of the Paleolithic Era in world history?
- In what ways did various Paleolithic societies differ from one another, and how did they change over time?
- How does our place in history influence how we might view Paleolithic societies?
History of the World by Andrew Marr
Quote of the Day: "The soil is the great connector of lives, the source and destination of all. It is the healer and restorer and resurrector, by which disease passes into health, age into youth, death into life. Without proper care for it we can have no community, because without proper care for it we can have no life."
Targets:
1. Understand how, when and where agriculture evolved independently in the several regions of the world.
2. Trace the development of agriculture and its local variations.
3. Speculate as to the social implications of the Agricultural Revolution.
1. Understand how, when and where agriculture evolved independently in the several regions of the world.
2. Trace the development of agriculture and its local variations.
3. Speculate as to the social implications of the Agricultural Revolution.
Essential Questions:
- What evidence is there for and against the Agricultural Revolution as a major turning point in world history?
- Assess the validity of the following statement..."The Agricultural Revolution provides evidence for 'progress' in human affairs."
Targets:
1. Understand the relationship between the First Civilizations and the Agricultural Revolution
2. Contrast civilizations with other forms of human communities
3. Analyze how, when and where the First Civilizations arose in human history
4. Explain how the emergence of civilizations transformed how humans lived and how their societies were structured
5. Contrast the various ways in which civilizations differed from one another.
6. Evaluate the emergence of the First Civilizations.
1. Understand the relationship between the First Civilizations and the Agricultural Revolution
2. Contrast civilizations with other forms of human communities
3. Analyze how, when and where the First Civilizations arose in human history
4. Explain how the emergence of civilizations transformed how humans lived and how their societies were structured
5. Contrast the various ways in which civilizations differed from one another.
6. Evaluate the emergence of the First Civilizations.
Essential Questions:
- What distinguished civilizations from other forms of human community?
- Assess the validity of the following statement..."Civilizations were held together largely by force."
- In the development of the First Civilizations, what was gained for humankind, and what was lost?
Here begins Crash Course World History and John Green Greatness! Click the picture for the link to Crash Course World History: Agricultural Revolution
Targets:
1. Understand the spread of human societies in the Paleolithic era
2. Describe the conditions of life in gathering and hunting societies
3. Analyze factors that eventually led to change in the gathering and hunting societies
1. Understand the spread of human societies in the Paleolithic era
2. Describe the conditions of life in gathering and hunting societies
3. Analyze factors that eventually led to change in the gathering and hunting societies
Essential Questions:
- What is the significance of the Paleolithic Era in world history?
- In what ways did various Paleolithic societies differ from one another, and how did they change over time?
- How does our place in history influence how we might view Paleolithic societies?
Quote of the Day: "Why did human development proceed at such different rates on different continents for the last 13,000 years?" -Jared Diamond
Targets:
1. Understand how, when and where agriculture evolved independently in the several regions of the world.
2. Trace the development of agriculture and its local variations.
3. Speculate as to the social implications of the Agricultural Revolution.
1. Understand how, when and where agriculture evolved independently in the several regions of the world.
2. Trace the development of agriculture and its local variations.
3. Speculate as to the social implications of the Agricultural Revolution.
Essential Questions:
- What evidence is there for and against the Agricultural Revolution as a major turning point in world history?
- Assess the validity of the following statement..."The Agricultural Revolution provides evidence for 'progress' in human affairs."
- Go over notes and tie to Jared Diamond "Out of Eden"
- 1. What is Diamond’s “Thesis”?2. What are the 3 major elements that separate the world’s “haves” from the “have nots” according to Diamond?3. What is Diamond’s theory about huge discrepancies among different countries. Explain the theory & give several examples from the film to support your answer.4. For 1000s of years, people have been cultivating crops. Describe the process used to domesticate crops & create plants that yielded bigger, tastier harvests.5. How did the domestication of animals help people?
Targets:
1. Understand the relationship between the First Civilizations and the Agricultural Revolution
2. Contrast civilizations with other forms of human communities
3. Analyze how, when and where the First Civilizations arose in human history
4. Explain how the emergence of civilizations transformed how humans lived and how their societies were structured
5. Contrast the various ways in which civilizations differed from one another.
6. Evaluate the emergence of the First Civilizations.
1. Understand the relationship between the First Civilizations and the Agricultural Revolution
2. Contrast civilizations with other forms of human communities
3. Analyze how, when and where the First Civilizations arose in human history
4. Explain how the emergence of civilizations transformed how humans lived and how their societies were structured
5. Contrast the various ways in which civilizations differed from one another.
6. Evaluate the emergence of the First Civilizations.
Essential Questions:
- What distinguished civilizations from other forms of human community?
- Assess the validity of the following statement..."Civilizations were held together largely by force."
- In the development of the First Civilizations, what was gained for humankind, and what was lost?
Quote of the Day: "I've failed over and over again in my life, and that is why I succeed." -Michael Jordan
Quote of the Day: "Fire is the test of gold; adversity, of strong men." -Martha Graham
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